That is the issue. Let us stress that we have been able to remove the POUM from this committee. The triumphant communists reaped the benefits.. Another of the plenums accords was on the creation of a Federation of Agricultural Collectives of the region. I hope and trust that the government of the Republic will fully appreciate the sacrifice presently being made by Aragonese anti-fascism, and that, turning a deaf ear to the discordant voices of the glorious fix-it-alls will lend its endorsement to the path which the people of Aragn has traced for itself through its representative bodies, as the basis for the future peace of its rearguard. A warning bell, an appeal to Spanish fair-mindedness and a warning to the weak who may be gobbled up tomorrow as well as one to the mighty who may think themselves free to gobble them up with undue impunity.. The article from Frente Rojo from which we quoted earlier closed with these words: Very soon the Eastern front will emulate the glorious Central front and that will be no small victory for the government. Which at least goes to show that as far as the PCE was concerned, there were no war secrets, and indeed the communists were even allowed to make political capital out of them. We do not want to lose the war. But before I can be tried it will take a meeting of the Court of Constitutional Guarantees and the order must come from the government and from the prosecutor-general of the Republic and this would be an onerous undertaking. And we all know that there was a groundswell among the working class abroad favourable to us, a groundswell which, true, later diminished and not through any fault of ours, but rather because of the political mistakes made in Spain. (f) Provincial federations, in so far as the current political division may subsist, made up for purely political purposes of all of the groupings and federations of each province. For the revolution and for victory over fascism! And let us conclude this account of the constructive endeavours of the Ministry of Justice by saying that on 13 May a decree was issued which widened the purview of the Popular Tribunals. ), Red Barcelona, London, 2002, pp. Defence: whole-hearted collaboration whatever mobilisations may be necessary if fascism is to be crushed utterly. Let us say again that the motives catalogued in the CNT National Committees declaration have the ring of truth about them, but are not the last word on the matter. Our organisations history demonstrates that we do not crave political power for ourselves. We oppose the minority elements who aspire to dictatorship. The requisite enquiries having been made, it emerged that Nin, together with other leading elements of the POUM, was arrested by police from the General Security Directorate, removed to Madrid and incarcerated in a holding centre from which he vanished and, to date, all inquiries conducted by the police with a view to locating the prisoner and his guard have proved fruitless. The squabble persisted for several days and just when it seemed that things had begun to settle down there came a fresh attack from a new quarter. The motion names the PCE as the prime culprit, charging that it was the faithful executor of the grim designs of the Soviet state. For example, a propos of the war, Durruti who can hardly be suspected of being short of anarchist content was the first to grasp that we had to make war just as our enemy did. No one has the right to say he did not do this and that, in not doing it, he is in no way bound by what our leaders do: we all have an equal obligation and anybody who thinks that he is not under any obligation to obey can clear out, for there is no place for him among us. We must press forward together, we must co-operate with each other, for I am confident that, with time, these comrades will know that the ideals they cherish ideals that are in my judgement, I shall not say fantastic, but somewhat innocent, surely of creating a society wherein we all may be good and upright, as the Constitution of 1812 had it, will come around to the belief that that is how humanity is, and in order to achieve this we have to pass through many stages of socialism, communism and onwards even to anarchism. Another of the fronts opened up by Stalinists, albeit not the main one, targeted the CNT itself. When others resist and unfurl their banners against the UGTCNT alliance, it is because they appreciate the redoubtable threat which such unity means for them. The thunderclap came at last on 10 August, followed immediately by the storm. The republicans, socialists, anarchists and trade unionists had naught but theories and ideals to offer. After mutual clarifications, those assembled there agreed upon working out the conditions upon which to arrive at common action by the PCE, the CNT and all anti-fascist organisations, and upon the advisability of beginning that rapprochement by means of greater reciprocal cordiality in the press and in the general dealings of both organisations. It shall be the function of this national liaison committee: (b) To faithfully execute the prescriptions of the preceding points. Let us be content to allude to them; there will be time enough to set them out in detail, since you will have a general familiarity with them through our own and other newspapers. I did not yield. They seized (word censored) documents, books and other papers from comrade Mastrodicasas room and, given that the number of documents in the room occupied by comrade Berneri was very great, they resolved to leave without these, after saying that they would return later. In expectation of your most prompt reply I remain your and the causes F. L. Caballero., President of the Council of Ministers Valencia, 16 May 1937.. Let no one make his career upon the bloodshed and sacrifice of others! Nonetheless, let us say again that we did not provoke the crisis. El Combate appeared in Caspe; there was a humorous Barcelona weekly called El Criticn; El Quijote was published in Barcelona, as was El Amigo del Pueblo, organ of the Friends of Durruti; El Productor appeared in Onteniente; Estudios was a Valencia magazine, Esfuerzo was a Barcelona-based one; El Frente was the organ of the 26th Division (Durruti column); Frente Libertario was the daily mouthpiece, issued free of charge, of the CNT Defence Committee of the Centre; Frente y Retaguardia was the organ of the Roja y Negra Column; Girona had its Fuerza y Cerebro; Madrid had FIJL; Malaga had Faro; Barcelona also had its Faro (which took the place of Ruta when the latter was suspended in 1938); Girona had its daily Gerona CNT; Madrid issued Galicia Libre; Elche had Germinal; there was the Barcelona magazine Hoy; Ripoll had Humanismo, Gaudix Hombres Libres, Baix Llobregat Ideas; there was a Barcelona magazine Iniciales; Juventud Libre was the daily organ of the FIJL, Madrid. On 8 August a PCE rally was held in the Capitol Theatre in Valencia. The management and administration of this national resource has always been in the keeping of the trade union organisations, but as these industries are one of the few prosperous industries left in Spain, it was precisely this prosperity that attracted the attention not only of the municipalities, but also of the civil governors themselves and the CNT has no civil government who have sought to provincialise and sought to municipalise industries which, if they need anything done to them, need to be nationalised. After making a report of my arrival, I handed to the president a list of the cargo I had brought. It was futile. On the one count, it brought French labour and the French liberal intelligentsia into contact with the most outstanding leaders of the Spanish revolution; on the other, Spanish anarchism, severely criticised in international anarchist circles on account of its collaborationist posture, was symbolically appearing before its judges. For our part we wash our hands of any responsibility for the possible consequences of such provocations. Hatred of fascism and the urge to defeat it binds us together but now imagine the picture once the war is over, with different ideological forces which will wrestle for dominion over one another. Also on 4 October, La Correspondencia de Valencia resumed publication. If now it can manage to marry what is said in public with what is sought in private it will have a more illuminating basis on which to assess and discover the origins of the events in Catalonia and their consequences.. [86] Peirats, Unpublished memoirs, pp. The Executive replied to this request on 27 September, saying that it had not opposed, nor would it ever, summoning a plenum in accordance with the provisions of the statutes of the UGT. Only in this way, through a continual perfecting of our active militants, will we be able to engage in useful fertile endeavours on behalf of our ideals and of mankind; to overcome the traditional obstacles and secure an advantageous victory in the crusade being waged by our people for justice and for the achievement of a way of life that is just and egalitarian.. But a year is longer still as we know who have been through the jails and prisons. Eventually, nearly all of the residents joined the UGT en bloc, promptly sparking a tension between collectivists and small holders which was soon complicated by the more or less interested pressures brought to bear by the respective lobbies outside the village. Juventud, amor, sueos y esperanzas, Mexico City, 1989, p. 205. These are times that call for understanding and solidarity. The CNTs entry into the central government and into the Generalitat ensured that the anarchist movement was not ousted from the leadership of the revolution. We sallied forth onto the streets. I could tell you that every suggestion submitted by the Ministry of Industry had run up against sabotage a very cordial, very amiable sabotage, but still sabotage for all that. Inside the huge enclosing walls would have stood a ducal palace , some private houses and a parish church. It had been organised by the French anarchists and revolutionary syndicalists. The communists responses were always evasive such as shifting the argument to the political plane and the need for collaboration with the Popular Front government. Were the war to be lost the FAI would not be able to thoroughly carry out its mission. Not now in the midst of warfare with all its bitterness, but earlier, the workers were already a united body: whenever a militant from one trade union association suffered societys injustices, he could not help feeling in his sensibilities and in the deepest fibres of his being the pain and bitterness that injustice inflicted upon his fellows in the other trade union association. If we all want to work honourably and zealously in order to hasten success in this war, then our findings simply must be put into practical effect. That was in November. Well, they implied 11,000-odd applications for economic assistance from the Ministry of Industry and the latter had not one single peseta with which to reply. For one is thankful for what one receives and what is unselfishly given and not for that which is sold or purchased.[150]. On the other hand, the great industrial enterprises are also tending to assume a collective nature, thereby bringing about the fundamental changes to the physiognomy of the nations economy. Every revolutionary who fights for freedom against a past of exploitation and calumny, against any attempt at repression and dictatorship, has an honoured place. To retain, by removing to places of safety, all potential for warfare. They wrecked a library and what pictures were hanging on the walls. The pictures below give you an idea of the great hall. I also had certain aims in mind: and the first of these was to translate into reality, within the compass of the area where I was to work, all of the essence of the accords and intentions of the organisation to which they appertained. The only problem is that the arms which he had been expecting to see used on the front, in that they had been deployed for that very purpose, lined up one day, not against the present government, the government that is repudiated by the CNT, but rather against its predecessor which was, according to the CNT, the government of victory.. Republicans and socialists alike agreed that the new government had to include the PCE, for only thus could it be regarded as a government of the Popular Front. [88] Peirats, Unpublished memoirs, p. 68. Months elapsed between the loss of the two cities, but in fact the offensive against the highlands did not begin until 14 August. We were left excluded from the government and I personally was left with all of my schemes, aims and aspirations to have achieved great things which had not proved possible to achieve and with an urge to press on with them and realise them as far as possible. As regards the unification of the PSOE and the PCE, I have not yielded one inch. We have made every effort to ensure that unity of action be not breached in times like these, not because we had any special appetite for position (far from it) but because we consider that such a breakdown could only have profited fascism. Certain discordant voices had to be silenced and the freedom to criticise enjoyed by certain newspapers that had set themselves up as the sacred guardians of principle and sniped at the shortcomings of the CNTs committees and its ministers needed to be curtailed. Let it not be forgotten that a favourite ploy was to inflate payment bills, having previously underestimated for the contracted items, in collusion with the suppliers. https://historicalragbag.com/2017/12/05/advent-calendar-of-medieval-religious-institutions-december-5th-lindisfarne/. The issue was properly resolved. 5. That credit was set aside for me a credit of 30 million pesetas, so that I might help out the industries which might need help, but I quit the Ministry of Industry without having been able to put those 30 millions to use, because, of course, just as I worked out a way of amending the written decision of the inter-ministerial commission, so Negrn, the Minister of Finance, also discovered a way of hindering me from allocating a portion of those millions to the needy industries. However, there was a desire to see the situation prolong itself and for a violent, armed intervention to become necessary, a desire that blood should flow in Catalonia and perhaps that the conflict should have national or international complications. It may well be that police personnel had also been issued with that watchword, for at about this time they stepped up their work of provocation, engaging in searches on the streets of Barcelona. As for Ses, although it could be shown that the fatal shot had not been fired, in spite of the story put about, from the premises of the CNTs Public Entertainments Union, but rather from the government barricades located in the Passeig de Grcia, there was much speculation about the supposed motives behind this equally supposed murder. And those who had cause to be grateful to us because we were quitting the streets and giving up violence and because we assumed the responsibility of government by conforming to the laws that others made, did not rest until they ensured that we, the street revolutionaries, took to the streets again. Let it be said, by the by, that a few days later on 21 September in Barcelona the security forces acting on the orders from above stormed the CNTs premises known as Los Escolapios, the headquarters of the Defence Committee of the Centre. Its targets were the workers revolutionary gains, the collectives and the incipient socialisation. This seizure, which bore fruit on some occasions but had a totally negative effect on others, at the same time made it imperative that that decree be rescinded. On 28 June, organised by the CNT National Committee no less, there was a rally in the Teatro Apolo in Valencia at which the speakers were Lunazzi, Galo Dez and the secretary of the National Committee himself. In no district were the workers the aggressors. All trade union locals in the workers hands, as well as those locals held by the parties and organisms actively participating in the war against fascism, are exempt from any sort of fiscal charges in so far as these bodies are used for trade union purposes. In a report entitled Our Prisoners, Solidaridad Obrera of 11 May registered the following protest: This headline may come as a surprise to many of our readers, but it is a fact. And we look upon the way in which the National Committee was convened behind the backs of the Executive as an undisciplined act of provocation that we are not prepared to tolerate, and finally let it be said that the Executive will suspend the rights of those Federations which, without first having offered their resignations, dared append their signatures to the summons or may attend said gathering.. As anarchists we are the foes of any totalitarian form of government and the FAI in its new phase of political activity will deploy all of its resources to avert the disfigurement or strangulation of the Iberian revolution by any party dictatorship., Is the FAI giving up on the introduction of libertarian communism?, We, the anarchists within the discipline of the FAI, want the future of Iberia to be the product of the concerted action of all those sectors who are at one on the creation of a society without class privileges, wherein the organisms of labour, administration and intercourse may be the principal factor in furnishing our country, by means of federal practices, with the channel that will meet the needs of her different regions, for this is the political, social and revolutionary import of the FAIs new structure according to the agreements reached at the peninsular plenum which our organisation held in Valencia during the first days of last July.. The CNT did its duty frankly and openly. Santander suffered the same fate on 25 August. Do not forget that in Spain there are two UGTs. This was the starting point for the formation of what later came to be called the Movimiento Libertario Espaol (MLE - Spanish Libertarian Movement), a sort of amalgam of the trade union, anarchist and youth wings, which was to survive the finale of the war and into clandestine life and exile. This documentation, which was about to be made available to the Republics government, was highly damaging. Finally, on 17 October, Largo Caballero held his long-awaited and anticipated conference. Appointment of the acting secretary of the CNT Regional Committee. The original castle would have just been one square tower with a wall. On seeing them, the men in the red armbands called upon them not to open fire on them, because they were friends of theirs. Such is the real sense of the events currently being played out in Barcelona. Ever since the rebellion erupted, there has been a UGTCNT Control Committee in operation. Determined that the fraud should not go unpunished, the comrade in charge of the combat equipment depot from which the tanks had been removed followed them in another car and found the tanks garaged in the Voroshilov barracks. Well into the afternoon on 5 May, the Regional Committee came up with fresh proposals towards a resolution: A cessation of hostilities. 3. Countless roads have been built. Well, now: if we accept what you propose, collectivisation of the industries, we shall find ourselves in a position where, for all that the democracies may grant us as charity, we shall have to trespass against their interests whereupon aid would dry up completely. Hence the ensuing crisis. Is it or is it not a fact that despite the fact that this foreign currency was not forthcoming, he left the shipment of many of the articles we need all in hand upon stepping down from the ministry? Un antecedent de barri-dormitori, LAven, 28, 1980, pp. [51] Peirats, Unpublished memoirs, p. 25. Put simply, comrades, in November of last year, the Ministry of Industry when I took over was a sort of agency which was solely concerned with supplying raw materials to those with the money to buy them. may be may be required to ensure precise coordination with the district and local unions or branches, and the collective or individual holdings located in the various localities. The cowards who had been in hiding while the people did the fighting surfaced in time to claim their booty. 5. Balking at nothing, we have persuaded the workers as to the necessity of making sacrifices in this struggle for liberation. Its enemies found that the best way of fighting against the people was to throw in their lot with the Assault Guards and Carabineers arriving in Vic, Manlleu, Bisura de Ter, Montesquiu, La Farga de les Lloses and other villages with the usual instructions to offer provocation.
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